- Share of companies who say they have hired for this role in the past year:
-- 33% of AI high-performing companies
-- 31% of all other companies

Combining computer science and design skills, data architects analyze the data framework of an organization to develop and improve database models. They store and organize company information so it can be easily retrieved when needed. Data architects must be knowledgeable in SQL and Oracle database management systems and data visualization software. Because AI initiatives require effective company-wide architecture, data architects are crucial to the success of AI projects.

- Share of companies who say they have hired for this role in the past year:
-- 58% of AI high-performing companies
-- 27% of all other companies

Machine learning engineers create, develop, and test artificial intelligence programs, software, predictive models, and algorithms that help machines identify patterns and act autonomously. Their skillset must include scripting, programming, and data science and statistics expertise. These engineers are tasked with constantly improving the design of a company's machine learning, which is very complex and increasingly in demand.

- Share of companies who say they have hired for this role in the past year:
-- 60% of AI high-performing companies
-- 31% of all other companies

AI data scientists apply analytical and coding skills to examine data and gather the information needed to design custom-made solutions for organizations. They search for and present their findings and suggestions to stakeholders to help them make strategic, informed decisions. When they specialize in AI, data scientists feed information to programs to mimic and optimize existing processes while developing new strategies. Data scientists are in demand because, as AI technology continues to advance, the people in these roles help companies make smart decisions with data as well as automate business processes that improve efficiency and lower operational costs.

- Share of companies who say they have hired for this role in the past year:
-- 46% of AI high-performing companies
-- 37% of all other companies

Building data channels to route information properly from various sources is the primary responsibility of data engineers. They consolidate, tidy up, and structure raw data to make it accessible and understandable for business analysts. Just as companies need data scientists to collect and analyze the data, they need data engineers to turn it into a collection that AI models can use.

- Share of companies who say they have hired for this role in the past year:
-- 42% of AI high-performing companies
-- 40% of all other companies

Software engineers can choose from a wide range of career options; they can design and develop programs, such as computer games or network control systems. Their main duty is to generate and optimize business applications, which makes them highly sought-after tech professionals in most industries. Software engineers must have a strong knowledge of computer engineering and programming languages. AI companies utilize software engineers to not only build AI applications but also to maintain AI systems. Their insights are invaluable to the future of AI companies because the AI models they build help inform companies' decisions.

Data reporting by Wade Zhou. Additional writing by Kelly Glass. Story editing by Jeff Inglis. Copy editing by Kristen Wegrzyn. Photo selection by Ania Antecka.